Chapter 22

Essence of risalah = amal ma’ruf wa nahi annil munkar

-Summary of every chapter
2. Muraqabah – every leaves falling in knowledge…
3. Azkuruni azkurukum
4. Reflection – inna fi khalqi samawati wal ard…
‘essence of the fruit : kernel: inner core ~ ulil albab
Masuk pasar = ayshadu an la ilaha illa Llah lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu yuhyi wa yumiit bi yadihil khair wa huwa ‘ala kulli syain qadir
5. cleanliness: hadith ‘bunya din ‘ala nadzifa. Allah is clean and go beyond any doubt and He loves cleanliness

- ‘alaika ~ writing to himself and the person who asked, and other people who wants to benefit.

-the only consensus for the whole ummah is amal ma’ruf wal nahi anni munkar.
-wal takun = command : there should be amongst u; must = la ~ fardu kifayah

- curse opp. Do’a – hoping that wrath of Allah goes to the community

- “ummatan” = one group “yughaiyiru” = change

-heart is the most beautiful organ of body

3 condition to do amal ma’ruf nahi munkar
1. have knowledge eg. The statue in Afghanistan. There’s a sahabi (Abul Qas) who passed in front of the statue but didn’t do anything about it.
Knowledge of fiqh and knowledge of the situation; teach them if they don't know
2. hukum that have been agreed upon, ijma' 'ulama, munkar must be clear,
3. opinion must not come from ijtihad / khilaf

ma'aruf = to call people to what is known ('arafa) eg. be kind, everyone know that we should be kind.
al-ma'aruf = the ma'aruf; everything that Allah command you to do
fard - (which you request to do and if you don't do, you'll be punish)
wajib - may not be fard - wajib 'alaykum ghusl juma'at
nawafil - nafl = froth on water / superior; above and beyond what is required; include sunnah; some above and beyond sunnah
Mahmud Ghaznawy did 3000 durood after fajr. He's sultan of Afghanistan. He finish at zohr. RasuluLlah SallaLlhu 'alayhi wassalam said  'why do you punish your people in heat? 1x = 100,000 durood larki
nakira = unknown / strange. everything which Allah dislike.

Focus - look deep inside 'have you fulfill your purpose in life?' to worship Allah. Every moment of your life should spend. think of pain of others. have a portion at night to think about other people in your family. How will if they die in the state Allah is not happy with them.

level of nahi munkar
1st level - nahi munkar can be done as an indication eg looking sharply, not attending wedding
2nd level - explain by words (explain not forbidding), said wisom - not haram
3rd level - forbid privately, verbally, gently
4th level - harsh words
5th level - with hands if have authority
6th level - intimidate (with authority)
7th level - hit the person (authority)
8th level - jihad (eg Muhd ibnu Qasim)

ulama - 1) knowledge 2) practise 3) teach

story of fishing on yawmul sabt... one group who stop them and they ignored, so they build a wall, one day, they found outside the wall some monkeys saying 'do you know me?'

three types of people
1) do wrong
2) give excuse not to do nahi munkar
3) stop them, no success, cut yourself off

يَا أيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اجْتَنِبُوا كَثِيرًا مِّنَ الظَّنِّ إِنَّ بَعْضَ الظَّنِّ إِثْمٌ وَلَآ تَجَسَّسُوا وَلَآ يَغْتَب بَّعْضُكُم بَعْضًا أيُحِبُّ أحَدُكُمْ أن يَأكُلَ لَحْمَ أخِيهِ مَيْتًا فَكَرِهْتُمُوهُ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَوَّابٌ رَّحِيمٌ

12. O you who believe! Avoid much suspicion. Indeed some suspicions are sins. And spy not [on others], neither backbite one another. Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? By no means, [since] you would hate it. And fear Allah. Indeed, Allah is the One Who forgives and accepts repentance, Most Merciful.

tajassasu = investigate, find something that has been hidden

awrat - the part of body that need to be covered or what Allah has covered. People who have haya' and modesty, they will cover their awrah.

حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ إِيَّاكُمْ وَالظَّنَّ، فَإِنَّ الظَّنَّ أَكْذَبُ الْحَدِيثِ، وَلاَ تَحَسَّسُوا، وَلاَ تَجَسَّسُوا، وَلاَ تَحَاسَدُوا، وَلاَ تَدَابَرُوا، وَلاَ تَبَاغَضُوا، وَكُونُوا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ إِخْوَانًا ‏"‏‏.‏

Narrated Abu Huraira:

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Beware of suspicion, for suspicion is the worst of false tales; and do not look for the others' faults and do not spy, and do not be jealous of one another, and do not desert (cut your relation with) one another (don't plot with each other), and do not hate one another; and O Allah's worshipers! Be brothers (as Allah has ordered you!")

general advice of Rasulullah sallahu alayhi wassalam to people

Abu Barza Al-Aslami (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلمsaid: O you gathering of people, who have submitted by their tongue, and the iman did not enter their hearts, do not back-bite Muslims, and do not search for their faults, for whoever investigate the awrat of his friends, Allah will search for his fault, and if Allah searches for the fault of anyone, He disgraces him in his house. (Ahmad and Abu Dawood).

He sallallahu alayhi wasallam climbed on mimbar and he shouted (which is abnormal). 

The hadith in book, even in his room.

S Abdullah ibnu 'Umar: 'How magnificent is your honour?' looking at Kaabah 'but Muslims dignity is more than yours'                                                            

“Whoever conceals his Muslim brother’s faults and weaknesses, Allah will conceal his faults and weaknesses on the Day of Judgment. Whoever exposes his Muslim brother’s faults, Allah will expose his awrah to the point that he will be disgraced in his own home." [Ibn Maajah, 2643

Al-Musawwir bin Makhrama narrated from Abdurrahman bin Auf that one night he (Abdurrahman) and Umar were patrolling in Medina. While they were walking, a lamp was lit in one of the houses. They went towards the house and found the door closed. There were some people inside the house making loud noises. Umar took Abdurrahman's hand and said to him: 'This is the house of Rabee'a bin Umayya. They are drinking wine now. What do you think to do? Abdurrahman said: I think that we have done what Allah has prohibited; we have spied. Then Umar went away and left them alone

Abu Qulaba said: Umar narrated that Abu Mihjan ath-Thaqafi drank wine in his house with his friends. One day Umar broke into Abu Mihjan's house. Abu Mihjan said to him: O Ameerul Mo'mineen, this is not permissible to you. Allah has forbidden you from spying. Umar asked Zayd bin Thabit and Abdurrahman bin al-Arqam and they said to him: He is right, O Ameerul Mo'mineen. Umar went out and let him alone